Dear Readers,
Mahendras has started special quizzes for SBI / RBI Main Exam so that you can practice more and more to crack the examination. This SBI / RBI Main Exam quiz series will mold your preparations in the right direction and the regular practice of these quizzes will be really very helpful in scoring good marks in the Examination. Here we are providing you important question of English Language for SBI / RBI Main Exam.
Q(1-10).Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words have been given in bold to help you locate them while answering some questions.
In the life of a robust democracy, the presence of fake news sounds almost like an oxymoron. In such forms of democracy, reality, howsoever ------------- it may be, finds its expression both in the speech of political leaders and other social forms of assertion. The existence of the ------------has to be transparent, both through its circulation in and by the media as well as its argumentative articulation in deliberative democracy. A normatively responsible media through its communication effect has the responsibility to circulate the content of reality without distortion. The media plays an important role in connecting social consciousness with the consequences of reality. It has much greater responsibility in building up the democratic discourse around what is real in society. It is in this context that fake news seems contrary to the ideal of democracy. And, yet, we often hear, both in the West as well as in India, about the phenomenon of fake news corrupting the texture of democracy.
Fake news, however, is not limited to the circulation of unreal or distorted information, or misinformation. Even making false promises, particularly during election campaigns, or projecting failure as spectacular success also forms a part of fake news. The complaints that are usually made by the opposition forces are validated by this observation.
It has been generally assumed and even observed that those who are either seeking formal institutional power or those who want to seek efficacy to their power tend to use fake news. But, the question is: Why do such politicians need fake information or news to capture and later defend their power?
One of the simple answers that can be offered in this regard is related to the election contests both in the United States (US) and India. In the game for power, politicians seem to use fake news only to score an advantage over their immediate political opponents. The party that comes to power, continues to require fake information, inadequate data, and other forms of deception in order to defend its hold over institutional power. It obviously means that such parties in power do not have the best specimen or evidence of accomplished promises to seek efficacy to their power. Put differently, those in power refrain from using “bad specimens” such as the deteriorating levels of quality of life, growing social tension, and the vagaries of the market and financial institutions that have been ruining the life of many. The ruling parties can resort to straightforward communication of such bad specimens only at the great risk of losing popular support and offering grounds for the opposition to launch a scathing attack. Thus, on the surface, the target of fake news is to smother the oppositional voice.
However, a deeper look into the intentions of the ruling party would suggest that such opposition by parties is just a secondary adversary. It is the voters who are the primary targets of fake news. This is precise because they cannot be taken for granted as far as electoral support is concerned. Voters may turn against the party that is failing to deliver on many fundamental issues that closely affect the common people. Hence, voters cannot be left unattended and hence they need to be constructed in fakery. Thus, fake news is not about the truth, but about the people who can be pushed away from the truth. Fakery, thus, becomes an ever needed ground for such parties that have an infinite hunger for power. Fakery is a performative ground for such parties. The consequences of fakery are cognitively corrosive.
A person who becomes a tool for such fakery stops using reason to separate the fake from the real or in filtering the real from the fake. The success of fake news depends on the voter’s disposition or readiness to adopt essentially a fabricated and often distorted version of reality or the actual performance of the government in power. Constructing people into fakery results in the violation of voters’ rights to self-possession or the freedom of self-determination. It actually vitiates the autonomous judgment that may result from their critical capacity. It is the common people and their capacity to take independent judgement that might go against the internal designs of the ruling party.
Q1. What happens when a party fails to deliver on fundamental issues, according to the passage?
(A) There is a possibility of the voters’ turning against a party.
(B) Common people get closely affected with this failure.
(C) Voters can be ignored and they can be demolished in fakery.
(1) Only A
(2) Both A and B
(3) All Except B
(4) Only B
(5) All of the above
Q2. Which of the following would be the suitable title for the passage?
01. The Corruption in Democracy.
02. Fake news: Indication of deeper crises
03. Role of politicians in fake news.
04. Fakery: Ever needed ground.
05. The Reality and the Fake in Democracy.
Q3. Those in power refrain from using “bad specimens”- What are the ‘bad specimens’ mentioned in the passage?
(A) growing mental stress
(B) the market fluctuation
(C) improving levels of quality of life
(D) the stability of financing institutions
(1)Only A
(2)Both A and B
(3)Both B and C
(4)Only D
(5)All of the above
Q4. On what factor(s) does the success of fake news depend, according to the passage?
(1) It depends on the nature of voters.
(2) It depends on the government in power.
(3) It depends on voter’s willingness to adopt the forged reality.
(4) Both (1) and (3)
(5) All (1), (2) and (3)
Q5. Choose the word most nearly the OPPOSITE in meaning to the word given in bold, as used in the passage.
Discourse
01. discussion
02. silence
03. conversation
04. talk
05. consultation
Q6. Choose the word most SIMILAR in meaning to the word given in bold, as used in the passage.
Deception
01. honesty
02. trick
03. reliability
04. decency
05. candidness
Q7. What is the tone of the passage, according to the author?
1) Apologetic
2) Biased
3) Speculative
4) Neutral
5) Motivating
Q8. Why do such politicians need fake information? - “such politicians” mentioned in the passage refers to –
(1) Politicians who want to obtain institutional power.
(2) Politicians who want success in their power.
(3) Politicians who are seeking social responsibilities.
(1) Only A
(2) Both A and B
(3) Both A and C
(4) Only B
(5) All of the above
Q9. Fill in the blanks with suitable words in the context of the passage-
In such forms of democracy, reality, howsoever ---------- it may be, finds its expression both in the speech of political leaders and other social forms of assertion. The existence of the -------- has to be transparent, both through its circulation in and by the media as well as its argumentative articulation in deliberative democracy.
1) Appropriate, realm
2) Inconvenient, real
3) Imaginary, opportunity
4) Real, convenient
5) Agreeable, fake
Q10. Choose the word most SIMILAR in meaning to the word given in bold, as used in the passage.
Vitiates
01. Damage
02. Cure
03. Enrich
04. Remedy
05. Improve
Answers:
1. (2) The answer lies in the fourth paragraph of the passage.
2. (5) By reading the whole passage, we can understand that the passage is revolving around the title.
3. (2) The answer lies in the third paragraph of the passage.
4. (4) The answer can be found in the last paragraph of the passage.
5. (2)
6. (2) Speculative tone is used here as the passage revolves around hypothetical things.
7. (3) The answer lies in the second paragraph of the passage.
8. (2)
9. (2)
10. (1)
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