English Language Quiz For IBPS |RBI | NABARD & SBI Exam | 05-02-2022

 

Dear Readers,

Mahendras has started special quizzes for IBPS  |RBI  | NABARD & SBI Exam so that you can practice more and more to crack the examination. This IBPS & SBI Exam special quiz series will mold your preparations in the right direction and the regular practice of these quizzes will be really very helpful in scoring good marks in the Examination. Here we are providing you the important question of reasoning ability for the IBPS  |RBI  | NABARD & SBI Exam.

1-10. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words have been given in bold to help you locate them while answering some questions.

In Greek mythology, it is said that Lycurgus, the ruler of Sparta, elicited a promise from his subjects, assuring him of the immutability of his laws till he returned from an impending journey. To make his laws immutable, Lycurgus never returned. Seven justices of the Indian Supreme Court on a historic day in 1973 christened themselves as modern-day Lycurguses, seeking to create, in India’s constitutional context, an island of immutability, aptly titled the “basic structure”. Its value, much like Lycurgus’s fundamentally just laws, has been established over time. Most recently, the Supreme Court implicitly relied on it and struck down the unilateral actions of the Governor of Arunachal Pradesh in summoning an Assembly session and sending messages to the Assembly as unconstitutional.

As in most other cases where a facet of the basic structure doctrine has been pressed into service, the ends sought to be achieved in the Arunachal Pradesh judgment were lofty — upholding the rule of law, safeguarding the power of judicial review and circumscribing the role that an unelected Governor could play in determining the future course of State politics. However, in reaching these unarguably desirable results, the judgment contains some troubling reasoning that has potential consequences for the future of government- judiciary relations in India. In the lead opinion of Justice X, three propositions of law are clearly laid down — first, the Governor has no power to unilaterally summon an Assembly session unless the government has, in his view, lost its majority; second, he cannot take steps relating to disqualification of the Speaker; and third, he is barred from unilaterally sending messages to the Assembly on any matter. The underlying justification for each of these is the constitutional role of the Governor as the titular head of the State executive. According to Justice X, the Governor is bound by the “aid and advice” of the elected Council of Ministers as the default rule. While he has the discretion to act on his own in certain matters, those matters must be specified “by or under the Constitution”. Inviting the leader of the majority party to form a government is an example of such a matter since there is no Council on whose aid and advice the Governor can act. On the contrary, calling an Assembly session, dictating its agenda and sending messages to the House are not.

According to Justice X, this understanding concords with the larger scheme of the Constitution pertaining to the role of Governors. Unelected Governors were never envisaged as wielding significant powers relating to State administration. They merely possessed the formal authority of state and could act as a safety valve in case there was a breakdown of constitutional machinery. This view is correct, albeit partially — discretion being vested in Governors was a thorny issue in discussions in the Constituent Assembly. The analogous power of the colonial Governor had created great disaffection leading to a strong sentiment to remove discretion of the Governor altogether.

However, in a seminal speech in the Constituent Assembly on July 15, 1947, Law ministers attempted to strike a balance. While ministerial responsibility would be the fundamental rule, the Governor could exercise his discretion in a few matters which were either widely accepted or necessary in an emergency. It is telling that summoning and dissolving Assemblies was one such matter.

Equally, it would be remiss to not point out that the same scheme of the Constitution never envisaged judicial review to correct any such actions of the Governor. In fact, Article 163 specifically provides that in determining which matters fall within the discretion of the Governor, the Governor’s decision will be final. A literal interpretation of this clause would mean that were there any doubts in the constitutional scheme as to whether a Governor could act on his own accord in relation to a matter or not, such decision would rest with the Governor as the highest constitutional authority in a State. It would not be the domain of the courts.

1 What is the synonym for the word “Immutable”?

01. Ephemeral

02. Slightly

03. Longing

04. Curtail

05. Obstruction

2 Article 163 states?

01. Function of a governor

02. Duties of a governor

03. Restriction of a governor

04. Demands of a governor

05. Criteria of a governor

3 Why did SC struck down the order passed by the governor?

01. Because it was inappropriate

02. Because it was beyond the jurisdiction of the governor

03. Because it did not supported the rule.

04. Because the public did not like it

05. Not mentioned in the passage.

4 Find the synonyms of the word “implicitly”?

01. Incompletely

02. Enviable

03. Incorrigibly

04. Intelligently

05. Essentially

5 When did the law minister give his speech?

01. 15th July

02. 15 July 1947

03. July 1947

04. 1947

05. Not mentioned in the passage

6 Who can act as a safety valve during constitutional break down?

01. The Supreme Court

02. The President

03. The Prime Minister

04. The Governor

05. People.

7 Which of the following is true according to the passage?

01. The Governor could not exercise his discretion in a few matters which is either widely accepted or necessary in an emergency.

02. Arunachal Pradesh judgment were not lofty.

03. Calling an Assembly session, dictating its agenda and sending messages to the House are governors discretionary function.

04. Article 163 specifically provides that in determining which matters does not fall within the discretion of the Governor.

05. Supreme Court struck down the Governor’s summoning an Assembly session and sending messages to the Assembly as unconstitutional.

8 What is the antonym of the word “discretion”?

01. Attention

02. Foresight

03. Maturity

04. Disregard

05. Violence

9 What is the antonym of “albeit”?

01. Admitting

02. Even though

03. Notwithstanding

04. Accepting

05. Deny

10 Who was the ruler of Sparta?

01. Decius

02. Merida’s

03. Maximum

04. Leonidas

05. Lycurgus

Answers:-

Q.1 (3)

Q.2 (2)

Q.3 (2)

Q.4 (5)

Q.5 (2)

Q.6 (5)

Q.7 (5)

Q.8 (4)

Q.9 (5)

Q.10 (5)